Lord Canning (1856-1862):
a) The Last Governor general and the first viceroy.
b) Revolt of 1857 took place in his time.
c) Withdrew Doctrine of lapse.
d) The University of Calcutta, Bombay, Madras established in 1857.
Lord Lawrence (1864-1869):
a) High courts were established Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.
b) Created the Indian Forest Department.
Lord Mayo (1869-1872):
a) Organised the statistical survey of India.
b) For the first time in Indian history a census was held in 1871.
c) Started the process of financial decentralization.
d) The only viceroy to be murdered in office.
Lord Ripon (1880-1884) :
a) Passed the local and self government act in 1882.
b) Took steps to improve primary and secondary Education.
c) Repeated the vernacular press act in 1882.
Lord Dufferin (1884-1888)
a) Indian national congress was formed during his tenure.
Lord Lansdowne (1888-1894)
a) Categorization of Civil services into Imperial, Provincial and Subordinate.
b) Indian Council act 1892 was passed.
Lord Elgin II (1894-1899)
a) Great famine of 1896-1897.
b) Lyall Commission was appointed.
Lord Curzon (1899-1905)
a) Passed the Indian University act in 1904.
b) Partition of Bengal into two provinces (16 October 1905)
c) Passed the ancient monument Protection act in 1904.
d) Passed the Indian Coinage & Paper Currency act (1899) & put India on a gold standard.
Lord Minto (1905 – 1910)
a) Extremists like Lala Laipat Rai & Ajit Singh (in May, 1907) & Bal Gangadhar Tilak (in July, 1908) were sent to Mandalay jail in Burma.
b) The Indian Council act of 1909 or the Morley Minto Reforms was passed.
Lord Hardinge (1910 – 1916) :
a) Held a durbar in December, 1911 to celebrate the coronation of King George V.
b) Partition of Bengal was cancelled (1911),
c) Capital shifted from Calcutta to Delhi (1912).
d) Gandhiji came back to India from South Africa (1915).
e) Annie Besant announced the Home Rule Movement.
Lord Chelmsford (1916 – 1921) :
a) The government of India act in 1919 (Montague Chelmsford reforms) was passed.
b) Rowlatt act of 1919; Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (April 13, 1919).
c) Non Cooperation Movement.
d) An Indian Sir S.P.Sinha was appointed the Governor of Bengal.
e) A Women’s university was founded at Poona in 1916.
Lord Reading (1921 – 1926) :
a) Formation of Swaraj Party.
b) Vishwabharati University started functioning in 1922.
c) Communist part was founded in 1921 by M.N. Roy.
d) Kakory Train Robbery on August 9, 1925.
Lord Irwin (1926 – 1931) :
a) Simon Commission visited India in 1928.
b) Congress passed the Indian Resolution in 1929.
c) Dandi March Started in March 12, 1930.
d) Civil Disobedience Movement (1930).
e) First Round Table Conference held in England in 1930.
f) Gandhi Irwin Pact (March 5, 1931) was signed & g) Civil Disobediance Movement was withdrawn.
g) Martydorm of Jatin Das after 64 days hunger strike (1929).
Lord Willingdon (1931 – 1936) :
a) Second Round Table conference in London in 1931.
b) Third Round Table conference in 1932.
c) Poona Pact was signed.
d) Government of India act (1935) was passed.
Lord Linlithgow (1936 – 1944) :
a) Congress ministries formed in 8 out of 11 provinces.
b) Churchill became the British PM in May, 1940. He declared that the Atlantic Charter does not apply to India.
c) Outbreak of World War II in 1939.
Lord Wavell (1944 – 1947) :
a) Arranged the Shimla Conference on June 25, 1945 with Indian National Congress & Muslim League.
b) Cabinet Mission Plan (May 16, 1946).
c) Elections to the constituent assembly were held & an Interim Government was appointed under Nehru.
d) First meeting of the constituent assembly was held on December 9, 1946.
Lord Mountbatten (March 1947 – August 1947) :
a) Last Viceroy of British India & the first Governor General of free India.
b) Indian Independence Act,1947 passed by the British parliament on July 4, 1947, by which India became independent on August 15, 1947.
c) Retried in June 1948 & was succeeded by C. Rajagopalachari .
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